Abstract

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced health technologies raise critical challenges around privacy, bias, and access to data. This proliferation also creates a justice gap - patients lack accessible recourse for emerging disputes. Integrating online dispute resolution (ODR) systems into healthcare’s digital infrastructure could provide a timely, patient-centered solution. ODR gives individuals agency to efficiently resolve conflicts through transparent, explanatory processes adapted to medical contexts. Without relying on litigation or regulatory bodies, ODR embedded in patient portals and apps can address disputes over AI diagnostics, electronic records, wearable data misuse, and insurance discrimination. Thoughtfully designed ODR puts control directly in patients’ hands, closing the justice gap. With appropriate oversight and design considerations, ODR can empower patients with self-advocacy as healthcare rapidly digitizes.