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The three “global commons (GC)” Antarctica, outer space and the high seas/deep seabed, which do not fall under the sovereignty of States (“State-free”), have become a symbol of peaceful cooperation and coordination of the international community. The international treaties which have already been negotiated from the 1950s show an astonishing degree of foresight concerning common public interest. Today, however, each of the three spaces is at risk in at least one of the following areas: peace and arms control, sustainability of use, and just and fair distribution of resources and benefits. This has gone so far that States have begun questioning the concept of nonappropriation. Could this potentially lead to conflicts – even armed conflicts? A new approach to the preservation and fair management of the GC is therefore necessary and requires appropriate political and diplomatic action. This paper intends to tackle the three GC together in order to identify steps for further developing their governance and to investigate, whether joint diplomatic initiatives for the three GC could be more effective than isolated efforts to deal with single hotspots. It will be argued that the future of the GC lies in the establishment of comparable moratoria, thresholds, fees and codes of conduct drawing from best practices in one or more of the three GC. |
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Search result: 21 articles
| Article |
Which Future for the “Global Commons”? |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 9 2018 |
| Authors | Kai-Uwe Schrogl |
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| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2016 |
| Authors | Kai-Uwe Schrogl |
| Author's information |
| Article |
Economic and Political Impacts of National Space Legislation in EuropeLegal Mechanisms for Encouraging Space Commerce |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2009 |
| Authors | M. Sánchez Aranzamendi and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
The Results of the UNCOPUOS Legal Subcommittee Working Group on "Practice of States and International Organizations in Registering Space Objects" 2005-2007The 40th Anniversary of the Outer Space Treaty and Other Legal Matters |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 5 2007 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl and N. Hedman |
| Article |
Regulatory Aspects for Launch Activities in a Future Space Traffic Management RegimeLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl, C. Contant Jorgenson and P. Lala |
| Article |
The UN General Assembly Resolution "Application of the Concept of the 'Launching State'" UNGA Res. 59/115 of 10 December 2004: Background and Main FeaturesOther Legal Matters II, Including Legal Aspects of Property Rights on the Moon |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2005 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
A Common Shape for National Space Legislation in Europe: Summary of Findings and Conclusions of the Project 2001 Plus WorkshopNew Developments in National Space Legislation |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2004 |
| Authors | M. Gerhard and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Status of the IAA Study Group on "Traffic Management Rules for Space Operations"Space Traffic Management and Navigation |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2003 |
| Authors | C. Contant, P. Lala and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
A New Look at the "Launching State": the Results of the UNCOPUOS Legal Subcommittee Working Group "Review of the concept of the 'launching State'" 2000-2002Other Legal Matters, Including Legal Aspects of Launch Services |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2002 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl and C. Davies |
| Article |
Prospects for Space Traffic Management: Discussion Paper2002 IISL-ECSL Space Law Symposium Held on the Occasion of the 41st Session of the Legal Subcommittee of UNCOPUOS in Vienna, Austria: "Prospects for Space Traffic Management" |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 5 2002 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Project 2001: Recommendations of the Working Group on National Space LegislationEmerging Issues of Interpretation and Application of Space Treaties |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2001 |
| Authors | M. Gerhard and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Project 2001: Conclusions and Recommendations of the Working Group on TelecommunicationEmerging Legal Issues in Satellite Telecommunications |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 2 2001 |
| Authors | U.M. Bohlmann and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Program of the Roundtable and Summary of Discussion19th IAA-IISL Scientific-Legal Roundtable in Toulouse, France, 2001: "Scientific and Legal Implications of Establishing Solar Power Systems on the Geostationary Orbit" |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 5 2001 |
| Authors | B. Erb, M. Smith and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
A New Impetus for Space Law Making: The 1999 Reform of UNCOPUOS and How It WorksLaw and the Ethics of Space in the New Millennium |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2000 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Project 2001: Status Report of the Working Group on TelecommunicationNew Developments Relating to Legal Aspects of Telecommunications |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 2 1999 |
| Authors | I. Polley and K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Program of the Roundtable and Summary of the Discussion18th IAA-IISL Scientific-Legal Roundtable in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1999: "Protection of the Space Environment" |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 5 1999 |
| Authors | K.-U. Schrogl |
| Article |
The 1998 European Initiative in the UNCOPUOS Legal Subcommittee to Improve the Registration ConventionManaging Space Resources and Revitalizing Space Treaties |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 1998 |
| Authors | M. Benkö and K.U. Schrogl |
| Article |
Space Law at Unispace III (1999) and BeyondApplications & Implementation of the Outer Space Treaty |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 3 1997 |
| Authors | M. Benkö and K. Schrogl |
| Article |
The 1996 UN-Declaration on "Space Benefits" Ending the North-South Debate on Space CooperationLegal Aspects of Sharing Benefits from the Conduct of Space Activities |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 3 1996 |
| Authors | M. Benko and K. Schrogl |
| Article |
A New Approach for the Debate on "Space Benefits" in the UNCOPUOSOther Legal Matters |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 1995 |
| Authors | M. Benkö and K. Schrogl |
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