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According to our analysis of the campaign expenses declared by the Flemish candidates for the 2003 federal and the 2004 regional elections candidates of the three traditional parties spend, on average, about 70 à 80% of what they are allowed to. The impact of the spending limit is much smaller for the other parties, the candidates of which spend only about 50% of what they are allowed to. Incumbents and candidates who are also mayor in a municipality tend to spend more. The background characteristics of the candidates have almost no effect on the expenditures. There is only a small effect of gender, in the sense that women candidates spend less. On average, one third of the individual campaign expenditures is financed by the individual candidates, and two thirds by the party. However, in the liberal party the contribution of the party is substantially lower (35 à 40% on average), while it is higher (80% on average) in the socialist party as well as for female candidates |
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Search result: 21 articles
Year 2006 x| Article |
Making a Political Constitution for the European Union |
| Journal | European Journal of Law Reform, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | Deirdre Curtin |
| Author's information |
| Research note |
De verkiezingsuitgaven van de Vlaamse kandidaten bij de verkiezingen van 18 mei 2003 en 13 juni 2004 |
| Journal | Res Publica, Issue 4 2006 |
| Authors | Bart Maddens, Karolien Weekers and Jo Noppe |
| AbstractAuthor's information |
| Article |
Belgian Politics in 2005 |
| Journal | Res Publica, Issue 2-3 2006 |
| Authors | Sam Depauw and Mark Deweerdt |
| Author's information |
| Article |
The EU Mutual Legal Assistance Convention of 2000 and the Interception of Telecommunications* |
| Journal | European Journal of Law Reform, Issue 2-3 2006 |
| Authors | Anne Weyembergh and Serge de Biolley |
| Author's information |
| Article |
European Criminal Law and European Integration Theory |
| Journal | European Journal of Law Reform, Issue 2-3 2006 |
| Authors | Constantin Stefanou |
| Author's information |
| Article |
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| Journal | Hague Justice Journal, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | Philippe Sands |
| Author's information |
| Article |
Space for Tourism? Legal Aspects of Private Spaceflight for Tourist PurposesLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | F.G. von der Dunk |
| Article |
Space Tourism: Regulatory Framework of Private Initiatives and Projects with a Special Interest on RLV RegulationsLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | A. Cartier and I. Cristoiu |
| Article |
Commercial Spaceport Development: The Role of Domestic and International Space Law and RegulationsLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | K.M. Weidaw III |
| Article |
United States Space Law: Commercial Space Launches and FacilitiesLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | P.S. Dempsey |
| Article |
The U.S. "Vision for Space Exploration": Legal Issues Presented by Innovative Commercial InitiativesLegal Aspects of Space Transportation and Launching |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 1 2006 |
| Authors | M.C. Wholley |
| Article |
2006 Status Report of the Unidroit Space ProtocolThe Moon, Property Rights and Legal Issues |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 3 2006 |
| Authors | P.B. Larsen |
| Article |
"SOS": Is Anyone Getting This Message?Legal Aspects of Disaster Management |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 2 2006 |
| Authors | S. Ospina |
| Article |
Drafting Legislation to Regulate Commercial Remote Sensing Satellites: A How-to Guide from CanadaCooperation in Space Activities, With Special Focus on Remote Sensing |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2006 |
| Authors | B. Mann |
| Article |
Remote Sensing Data: Some Critical Comments on the Current State of Regulation and Reflections on ReformCooperation in Space Activities, With Special Focus on Remote Sensing |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2006 |
| Authors | L.J. Smith and C. Doldirina |
| Article |
EUMETSAT International Cooperation ActivitiesCooperation in Space Activities, With Special Focus on Remote Sensing |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 4 2006 |
| Authors | W. Balogh and P. Valabrega |
| Article |
Contemporary Doctrine of Self-Defense in Outer Space LawSpace Law at Times of Armed Conflict |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 5 2006 |
| Authors | S. Bhatt |
| Article |
Mexico's Licensing Process for the Rights of Transmission and Reception of Signals Related to Bands of Frequencies of Foreign Satellite Systems Which Could Offer Services in National TerritoryOther Legal Matters, Including the Relationship Between Government and Private Sector in Space Activities |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 6 2006 |
| Authors | O. Gudino |
| Article |
Applying International Space Law Precedent to Space Tourism, Space Mining and Space SettlementOther Legal Matters, Including the Relationship Between Government and Private Sector in Space Activities |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 6 2006 |
| Authors | E.E. Weeks |
| Article |
The Future of Planetary Protection: Is There Reason for Optimism?Other Legal Matters, Including the Relationship Between Government and Private Sector in Space Activities |
| Journal | International Institute of Space Law, Issue 6 2006 |
| Authors | P.M. Sterns and L. Tennen |
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